Operations
What if you wanted to do some math in your code? Or check if a certain condition is true? You can use operators!
There are multiple types of operations that you'd use throughout coding. Most of them modify or compare some sort of data.
Math Operations
These are used to do math expressions with data. Think of them as the different signs you'd see in a math class.
Addition
Adds two numbers.
a + b
Subtraction
Subtracts two numbers.
a - b
Multiplication
Multiplies two numbers.
a * b
Division
Divides two numbers.
a / b
Modulus
Divides two numbers, but gets the remainder.
a % b
Notice how these operators only affect numbers? There are a couple of exceptions. Firstly, you can use these on chars (this isn't necessary, you won't have to worry about it), and you can use the Addition modifier to add data to a String, which is called concatenation. This data could be any primitive or other Strings.
Example:
int numbers = 12345;
int char = 'A'
int string = "Hello!"
string += char;
string += numbers;
System.out.println(string);Unary Operations
These are used to modify variables. These are quality-of-life operators that make expressions MUCH shorter than they have to be.
+=
Adds n to the variable.
num += 3
-=
Subtracts n from the variable.
num -= 16
*=
Multiplies the variable by n.
num *= 3
/=
Divides the variable by n.
num /= 10
Logic Operators
Logic operators compare values or other expressions, which let you do logic, as the name suggests. All of these give you a Boolean from them.
== (Equals)
value == value
Checks if the two values are equal. (NOTE: DOES NOT WORK ON COMPOSITES- ALWAYS GIVES TRUE FOR THEM}
true == true // gives you true 1 == 1 // gives you true 6 == 9 // gives you false
!= (Not equals)
value != value
Returns if the two values are NOT equal.
true != false // gives you true 2 != 2 // gives you false
&& (And)
condition && condition
Checks if both of the conditions are true.
true && true // gives you true
2 == 4 // gives you false
|| (Or)
condition || condition
Gives you if one of the conditions is true.
1 == 2 || 3 > 2 // gives you true because 3 > 2
! (Not)
!condition
Gives you if the condition is false.
!(2 == 4) // gives you true !(3 == 3) // gives you false
Note: you can assign these conditions to a variable. For example:
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